What are the causes of white rust and dark spots?

Dark spots are further oxidation of white rust. The main causes of white rust are:

Poor passivation, passivation film thickness is not enough or uneven; No oil on the surface or residual water on the strip surface; The surface of the strip contains water when it is rolled up. Passivation not completely dried; Getting wet or rain-soaked during transportation or storage; The storage time of finished products is too long; Galvanized sheet and other acid and alkali and other corrosive media contact or stored together.