H-beam Steel Product Knowledge Sharing

H-beam steel is a kind of economical section and high-efficiency section with more optimized cross-sectional area distribution and more reasonable strength-to-weight ratio. It is named because its section is the same as the English letter “H”. Since the various parts of the H-shaped steel are arranged at right angles, the H-shaped steel has the advantages of strong bending resistance, simple construction, cost saving and light structure weight in all directions, and has been widely used.

1.H-beam steel structure introduction

An economical cross-section profile with a cross-sectional shape similar to the capital Latin letter H, also called universal steel beam, wide-edge (side) I-beam, or parallel-flange I-beam. The cross-section of the H-beam usually includes two parts: web and flange, also called waist and edge.
H-beam steel is a new type of steel for economic construction. H-beam steel has an economical and reasonable cross-section shape and good mechanical properties. During rolling, each point on the cross-section extends more uniformly and has low internal stress. Compared with ordinary I-beams, it has the advantages of large section modulus, lightweight, and metal saving, which can make buildings The structure is reduced by 30-40%; because the legs are parallel inside and outside, and the ends of the legs are right-angled, they can be assembled into components, which can save welding and riveting work by up to 25%. It is often used in large buildings (such as factory buildings, high-rise buildings, etc.) that require large cutting capacity and good cross-sectional stability, as well as bridges, ships, lifting and transporting machinery, equipment foundations, supports, foundation piles, etc.

2.Features of H-beam steel

◆High structural strength: Compared with I-beam, the section modulus is larger, and the metal can be saved by 10-15% when the load-bearing conditions are the same.

◆The design style is flexible and rich: in the case of the same beam height, the steel structure bay can be 50% larger than the concrete structure bay, so that the building layout is more flexible.

◆Light structure weight: Compared with the weight of the concrete structure, the weight of the structure is reduced, which reduces the internal force of structure design, which can reduce the requirement of building structure foundation treatment, the construction is simple, and the cost is reduced.

◆High structural stability: The steel structure mainly made of hot-rolled H-section steel has a scientific and reasonable structure, good plasticity and flexibility, and high structural stability. It is suitable for building structures that withstand large vibration and impact loads, and has strong resistance to natural disasters. , Especially suitable for some building structures with many earthquake occurrence zones. According to statistics, in the world’s devastating earthquake disasters of magnitude 7 or above, steel structures dominated by H-shaped steel have suffered the least damage.

◆Increase the effective use area of the structure: Compared with the concrete structure, the steel structure column has a small cross-sectional area, which can increase the effective use area of the building. Depending on the different forms of the building, it can increase the effective use area by 4-6%.

◆Saving labor and materials: Compared with welding H-shaped steel, it can significantly save labor and materials, reduce the consumption of raw materials, energy, and labor, low residual stress, and good appearance and surface quality.

◆Easy for mechanical processing: easy to connect and install the structure, and easy to dismantle and reuse.

◆Environmental protection: The use of H-shaped steel can effectively protect the environment, specifically in three aspects: First, compared with concrete, dry construction can be used, resulting in less noise and less dust; second, due to the reduced weight and the amount of soil taken for foundation construction Less damage to land resources. In addition, a large reduction in the amount of concrete and a reduction in the amount of excavation and stone excavation are conducive to the protection of the ecological environment; third, after the service life of the building structure expires, the amount of solid waste generated after the structure is demolished is small, and the scrap steel resources High recycling value.

◆The high degree of industrialized production: The steel structure mainly made of hot-rolled H-beam has a high degree of industrialized production, which is convenient for mechanical manufacturing, intensive production, high precision, convenient installation, and easy to ensure quality. It can be built into a real house manufacturing factory and bridge manufacturing factory, Industrial plant production factories, etc. The development of steel structures has created and promoted the development of hundreds of emerging industries.

◆Fast construction speed: small footprint, suitable for all-weather construction, and less affected by climatic conditions. The construction speed of steel structures made of hot-rolled H-section steel is about 2-3 times that of concrete structures, and the capital turnover rate is doubled, which reduces financial costs and saves investment.

3. The scope of application of H-beam steel

H-beam steel is mainly used for beam and column members in industrial and civil structures.

◆Steel structure load-bearing support for industrial structures

◆Steel piles and supporting structure of underground engineering

◆The structure of industrial equipment such as petrochemical industry and electric power

◆Long-span steel bridge components

◆The frame structure of ship and machinery manufacturing

◆Girder brackets for trains, cars, and tractors

◆Port conveyor belt, high-speed baffle bracket

4.The difference and usage description of H-beam and I-beam

Regardless of whether the I-shaped steel is ordinary or light because the cross-section size is relatively high and narrow, the moment of inertia of the two main sleeves of the cross-section is quite different. Therefore, it can generally only be used directly in the plane of its web. Bending members or combining them into lattice-type force-bearing members. It is not suitable to use axial compression components or components that are perpendicular to the plane of the web and have bending, which makes the application range very limited.
H-beams are high-efficiency and economical cutting profiles (others include cold-formed thin-walled steel, profiled steel, etc.). Because of the reasonable cross-sectional shape, they can make the steel more effective and improve the cutting capacity. Different from ordinary I-shaped steel, the flange of the H-shaped steel is widened, and the inner and outer surfaces are usually parallel, which can facilitate the connection with high-strength bolts and other components. Its size constitutes a reasonable series, and the model is complete, which is convenient for design and selection. (Except for I-beams for crane beams)
The flanges of H-beams are all of the equal thickness, with rolled cross-sections and combined cross-sections composed of three plates welded. I-beams are all rolled sections. Due to poor production technology, the inner edge of the flange has a slope of 1:10. The rolling of H-beam steel is different from ordinary I-beam steel with only one set of horizontal rolls. Because of its wide flange and no slope (or small slope), it is necessary to add a set of vertical rolls to roll at the same time. , Its rolling process and equipment are more complicated than ordinary rolling mills. The maximum height of rolled h-beam that can be produced in China is 800mm, which can only be welded combined cross-section.
China’s hot-rolled H-beam national standard (GB/T11263-1998) divides H-beam steel into three categories: narrow flange, wide flange, and steel pile, and their codes are Hz, HK, and hu respectively. Narrow flange H-shaped steel is suitable for beams or compression-bending components, while wide-flange H-shaped steel and H-shaped steel piles are suitable for axial compression components or compression-bending components. Compared with H-beam steel, w, ix, and I are not as good as H-beam under the premise of equal weight.
The side length of the I-beam is small and the height is large, so it can only bear unidirectional force.
The H-shaped steel channel is deep and thick and can withstand forces in two directions.
With the development of steel structures, only I-beams are not enough, that is, thicker I-beams, which are easy to lose stability when used for load-bearing columns.
I-beams can only be used for beams, while H-beams can be used for structural load-bearing columns.
H-beam is a kind of economical cross-section steel with better mechanical properties than I-beam. It is named because the shape of the cross-section is the same as the English letter “H”. The flanges of hot-rolled H-beams are wider than I-beams, with greater lateral rigidity and stronger bending resistance.